What "individually trained" really means
The law protects a dog that is individually trained to do work or tasks for a person with a disability. A vest alone does not make a service dog.

Photo: Viktoriya / Unsplash
Task training
The core of a service dog is trained tasks tied to the handler's disability. The dog does concrete work, such as alerting, guiding, bracing, or interrupting, that mitigates the disability.
Public access behavior
A service dog is calm, controlled, and unobtrusive in crowds, terminals, and cabins. It is safe and predictable around the traveling public.
Documented and attestable
Training is recorded so a qualified trainer can attest to it. That attestation is the exact evidence a carrier may request under ATPDR section 25(1).
The Assistance Dog Institute trains to this standard and issues the qualified trainer attestation carriers rely on.
See the training standards →